Kaafi time se jo labs hamari cars ki passive safety test karte hai, wo ek special type ke crash test dummy use karte aaye hai. In dummies ko hybrid III bola jaata hai, or yeh different sizes meaate hai, jisse adults or childs dono ke possible injuries measure ki ja sakein.
But reality kaafi zyada diverse hai, or bilkul cars ki tarah, Euro NCAP ke crash test dum mies bhi ab technology ke saath evolve ho rahe hai.
Yeh crash test dummies around 60 sensors ke saath aate hai jo unke body ke different parts mein lage hote hai. Isse woh measure kar paate hai ki impact unhe head, pelvis ya lower body pe kitna lag raha hai.
Yeh wo areas hai jo damage ho sakte hai agar impact properly control na ho, because airbags sirf 20 milliseconds mein activate hota hai, or wahi decide karta hai ki after accident tum bas thodi si internal injury ke saath safe rahoge ya phir ribs damage ho jayenge ya usse bhi zyada serious kuch ho sakta hai.
A generational shift, even among dummies
Dummies also evolve, with a generational change anticipated by 2029 (Image courtesy: Motor.es)
Euro NCAP ka plan hai ki 2029 tak ye crash test dummies ko replace kare ek new generation se, jise THOR 05 bolte hai. Yeh new dummies kaafi advanced hai, inmein around 150 sensors hote hai, jo real time mein zyada detailed data send kar sakte hai analysis ke liye.
Before the crash test, in dummies ko car ke trunk mein rakhe kuch instruments se connect kiya jata hai, or yeh complete setup process several hours tak chalta hai.
Ek interesting thing is inke paas different-different sizes hote hai, normal body, larger body, or aisi jo female body jaisi lagti hai. means yeh log different body types ko imitate karte hai.
Isse yeh possible hota hai ki woh accidents ko different situations mein simulate kar saken, because result kaafi change ho sakta hai depending on who is driving, steering wheel se kitni distance par hai, or minor things jo final outcome ko affect karti hai.
A more adaptable and realistic back
A TASS International technician gathers data from a dummy following a crash test (Image courtesy: Motor.es)
Is new dummies mein ek change unki back mein hai, ab tak jo dummies use hote the unmein rigid spine hoti thi jo body or head ko support karti thi. But new wale mein more flexible hai, ye itna whiplash ke cases study karne ke liye nahi (jo accidents mein women mein men ke comparison mein around double hota hai), rather isliye so that dummy ki complete body ka movement human body jaisa more accurately copy kar sake.
Crash test dummies ek hard drive se connected hote hai, jahan wo apne sensors se collect ki gayi all info send karte hai. Yeh hard drive waise nahi hoti jaise humare laptops ya desktops computers mein hoti hai, isko kaafi heavy impacts se go through hona padte hai, almost 100 G tak.
Usually crash tests mein impact peaks 60 se 80 G ke between hoti hai, whereas human body, chahe thoda high peak tolerate kar le, par continuously sirf around 5 G hi handle kar paati hai.
They cost as much as an Aston Martin One-77 did initially
Test ke during, jise kaafi media outlets ne cover kiya, including Motor.es, Helmond mein THOR 05F ko first time test kiya gaya. Ye dummy ek small female body or feminine figure ko represent karta hai, or iske inside sensors lage hote hai jo head, brain, chest, abdomen, pelvis, arms or knees ke below tak injury ka risk measure karte hai. Observe kiya gaya ki female drivers ko is area mein injuries hone ke chances zyada hote hai compared to men, maybe unki driving position ki wajah se.
Yeh dummies 2029 tak service mein aa jayenge, or ab tak use ho rahe Hybrid III systems ke comparison mein kaafi massive upgarde honge. But cost bhi kaafi zyada increase ho gayi hai, THOR 05 dummies ki price around €1.3 million per unit hai, jo ki kaafi expensive hai.
Alternative, more cost effective dummies designed to withstand being run over
Dummy simulating a child crossing the street to test the automatic emergency brake system (Image courtesy: Motor.es)
Other types of tests ke liye simple dummies use hote hai. For example, Ford test track Lommel mein humne live dekh liya ki current or future ADAS systems kaise test hote hai, jahaan dummies children ko represent karte hai jo safely road cross kar rahe hote hai, or front se ek car aa rahi hoti hai jiska driver thoda distracted hota hai, whether wo Ford Ranger ho ya Ford Transit.
Ye dummies usually ek small belt se attached hote hai jo automatically move karti hai jab car pass hone wali hoti hai, system unhe detect kar sake. Yeh kaafi simple hote hai, basically ek human shape structure hota hai jisme motor install hoti hai jo legs ko move karwati hai. Phir bhi, inki price around €6,000 se €7,000 ke between hoti hai, jo kaafi zyada hai. Good thing is ADAS systems ne perfectly work kiya, or test ke during kisi bhi dummy ko hit nahi kiya gaya.